Unit 1-The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492
4-6% of Test SAQ, LEQ, no DBQ
Unit 1 Learning Objective-Explain the context of European encounters in Americas from 1491-1607
Unit 1 Key Concepts-
Unit 1 Key Concepts-
- As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments
- Different native societies adapted to and transformed their environments through innovations in agriculture, resource use, and social structure
1.2-Natives
Open Stax Textbook Unit 1- Chapter 1-2
AMSCO p. 2-7
AMSCO p. 2-7
Cahokia-->Near St. Louis Major city pre 1492
Natives--> Native Americans--> Indigenous People-->First Nation
- Relied on agriculture, fishing, and hunting
- Tribes like Pueblo in Southwest made homes out of adobe
- Utilized waterways for transportation
- Maize or corn big priority-->Able to support larger population with food surplus
- Very common to see earthen mounds
Major Civilizations Pre Colonialization
- Very advanced society contrary to belief-->European Society
- Infrastructure- Aqueducts-->Transport Water, Temples, Pyramids, Public Buildings
- Astronomy importance-->Calendar, Moon phases
- Written Language
- Jade Jewelry
- Tools
- Cacao Beans--> for chocolate drinks
- Pottery, Art, Sculpture showcasing culture and cultural significance
Maya
El Castillo-->Chichen Itza-->Yucatan Peninsula
- Temple for the god Kukulkan. Each side contains ninety-one steps to the top. When counting the top platform, the total number of stairs is three hundred and sixty-five, the number of days in a year.
Aztec
Tenochtitlan-->Near Mexico City
- Famous Emperor Moctezuma
- Spanish Explorer Hernan Cortes
- City of Gold, Floating Gardens-->Chinampas
- Aztec famous for gods as aspect of the natural world-->Farming, combat, rain, sacrifice
Inca
Machu Picchu
- Andes Mountains-South America
- More of collective society--> building project
- Prioritized corn, beans, squash, quinoa
- System using peasant work-->Land worker with limited ownership
1.3-European Exploration-Spanish
AMSCO p.7-13
Open Stax p.43-47
Open Stax p.43-47
Why Colonize?
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AP H.I.P.P.Y.-Sourcing and Situation
Historical Context-What's happening
Intended Audience-To whom is the author speaking
Purpose-What is the author hoping to communicate or accomplish
Point of View-Viewpoint of author
Y-Why?-For Why
Historical Context-What's happening
Intended Audience-To whom is the author speaking
Purpose-What is the author hoping to communicate or accomplish
Point of View-Viewpoint of author
Y-Why?-For Why
What messages and key takeaways are you seeing with each?
What can we economic, social, and political motives can we see from the Spanish? |
French, Dutch, and English Exploration
1.4-Columbian Exchange, Spanish Exploration, and Conquest
SAQ Hints for each letter
3 Sentences per letter--> 9 sentences per question-->27 sentences per 3 questions
A- Answer the question
C- Cite the Evidence E- Explain with analysis |
T- Topic Sentence
E- Evidence A- Analysis |
SAQ Practice-AP Classroom 1.4 Natives and Europeans contact brought changes to Native American society 1492-1700
1.5-1.6 Slave Labor and Spanish Systems
1501-First African arrives in Hispaniola
Caste System-Social Hierarchy was a hallmark of Spanish Colonization based on how Spanish your blood is.
Encomienda System-System designed to force natives to serve as unpaid laborers and embrace Christianity-Decimated Population
Repartimiento-Native villages must supply labor to Spanish Overlords
Encomienda System-System designed to force natives to serve as unpaid laborers and embrace Christianity-Decimated Population
Repartimiento-Native villages must supply labor to Spanish Overlords
Key Notes on Spanish Colonization
- Western ideology ran through much of Spanish Colonization. Must "Civilize"
- Religion, Family, Gender Roles, Government, Economy-->Superiority to "Uncivilized"
- Many Spaniards had no interest in going to the colonies because of the labor intensive crops, fear of life in colonies, and especially disease.
- Many Natives and Africans rebelled or ran away from enslavement
- Africans-Rebel
- Natives-Run Away
- Spanish practice of securing an adequate and cheap labor supply-Subjects of the King of Spain
- Conquistador controlled Indian population
- Required Indians to pay tribute from their land
- In return the conquistador was obligated to instruct them in the Christian faith
- defend their right to live off the lan
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1.7 Causation
Long Essay Practice
Important: Make sure to provide a strong thesis, contextualization, evidence-provide 2 examples
Thesis- Strong claim not just restating
Contextualization- relate topic to broader historical events, development, or processes before, during, or after time frame
Evidence- specific historical examples relevant to topic- often multiple examples
Evaluate the reasons why European powers sought to establish colonies in the Americas in the period from 1492-1607?
Evaluate the extent to which trans-Atlantic voyages in the period from 1491-1607 affected the Americas?
Step 1-Introduction Paragraph
Weak Thesis-The Revolutionary War brought about change in American society.
Strong Thesis- The Revolutionary War ushered in a slew of wide-ranging and permanent social changes in American society.
Step 2-Evidence and Analysis-Body Paragraphs
Goal-4-5 paragraphs
Important: Make sure to provide a strong thesis, contextualization, evidence-provide 2 examples
Thesis- Strong claim not just restating
Contextualization- relate topic to broader historical events, development, or processes before, during, or after time frame
Evidence- specific historical examples relevant to topic- often multiple examples
Evaluate the reasons why European powers sought to establish colonies in the Americas in the period from 1492-1607?
Evaluate the extent to which trans-Atlantic voyages in the period from 1491-1607 affected the Americas?
Step 1-Introduction Paragraph
Weak Thesis-The Revolutionary War brought about change in American society.
Strong Thesis- The Revolutionary War ushered in a slew of wide-ranging and permanent social changes in American society.
Step 2-Evidence and Analysis-Body Paragraphs
Goal-4-5 paragraphs
Unit 1-Test
Review Materials
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